Vein grafts are often used for bypassing the occluded arterial segments in diabetic people and those who are habituated to smoking. Thrombosis of the vein grafts occur in some patients though the veins look healthy from out side and it is often considered to be a technical problem and revision of the vein grafting is often done especially in peripheral vascular surgical patients. Hyperglycemia is known to effect the endothelial functions and endothelial derived relaxation is abnormal in the diabetic people to varying degrees depending on the exposure of the patient to the glycemic variability in the previous times. Now there seems to evidence to support that BMP-4 is probably responsible for this impaired EDR ( endothelium derived relaxations) which is not linked to cyclooxygenase-2 pathway.   

Can we develop specific ischemia resist muscle fibers in chronic stable ischemia people?

The answer to this question can solve some of the problems faced by lower limb ischemia patients who are not suitable for interventional therapies or after failure of all the existing therapies?

This year slogan on world health day is control your blood pressure. We are aware of the importance of controlling high blood pressure in people attending our outpatient clinics. This is chosen with an aim to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with the hypertension related cardiovascular outcomes.
The governments should take notice of the importance of implementation of the blood pressure control programs and support them to see that blood pressure of the people at large is kept under control health education and also providing basic medicinal supplies to the people. Ideally it would be helpful to train more paramedical people record the blood pressure and register hypertensive patients e-register so, that necessary supports can reach them to prevent complications.
In our world 9 million death are attributed to the hypertension related complications. That means they are potentially preventable with active implementation of the antihypertensive programs.
from  Pinjala R K,  7th April 2013