Myocardial infarction without evidence of obstruction in Coronary angiogram 

A substantial proportion of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) have no angiographically obstructive (≥50% diameter stenosis) coronary artery disease (CAD), including ≈7% to 32% of women and 6% to 12% of men. Plaque rupture and ulceration are common in women with myocardial infarction without angiographically demonstrable obstructive coronary artery disease. Vasospasm and embolism are possible mechanisms without plaque disruption. Intravascular ultrasound and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging provide complementary mechanistic insights into female myocardial infarction patients without obstructive coronary artery disease and may be useful in identifying potential causes and therapies.
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/124/13/1414.abstract

Gila monsters are known to us as they secrete the incretins in their saliva.
But in this issue of JCI - the cover page is gila monster , Mast cells battle Gila monster venom
Heloderma suspectum, also known as the venomous Gila monster lizard. In this issue, Akahoshi and colleagues investigated whether mast cells can enhance resistance to the venom of the Gila monster (page 4180). Using two types of mast cell–deficient mice as well as mice selectively lacking mast cell–derived protease activities, the authors found that mast cells can enhance host resistance to the toxicity of Gila monster venom and can reduce the morbidity and mortality induced by venoms from two species of scorpions.

More intracranial in carotid artery angioplasty patients!

Intracranial hemorrhage risk is higher after carotid artery Angioplasty and stenting in Symptomatic patients!

Intra cranial hemorrhage after carotid artery endarterectomy or carotid artery angioplasty and stenting is a serious complication. It is considered to be associated with cerebral hyper perfusion. Blood pressure in the peri procedural period is very important to avoid this complication. There seems to be 30 fold increased risk of mortality before discharge if there is intracranial hemorrhage. Symptomatic presentations and carotid artery angioplasty and stenting are associated with 6 fold to 7 fold increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage when compared to the carotid endarterectomy. This point needs attention when we consider carotid artery angioplasty stenting in symptomatic patients!!!

Ref: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/42/10/2782.abstract