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| Varicose veins in both legs - marking on left side |
Varicose veins are common as
the age advances. Chronic venous disease presents with a spectrum of signs and
symptoms, including cosmetic spider veins, asymptomatic varicosities, large
painful varicose veins, edema, hyperpigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis of
skin, and ulceration. But there is no definitive stepwise progression from
spider veins to ulcers and, in fact, severe skin complications of varicose
veins are not seen in some with extensive varicose veins.
1. Precipitating factor for
varicose veins include
A. nulligravida pregnancy status.
B. normotension.
C. prolonged standing.
D. autosomal-recessive
genotype with complete penetrance.
2. Symptoms of chronic
venous insufficiency
A. include swelling, restlessness, limb heaviness and fatigue,
aching/throbbing sensation, burning, tingling, direct tenderness, itch, and
nocturnal leg cramps.
B. are usually worse at the beginning of the day.
C. decrease during the
menstrual cycle and in cold weather.
D. are not relieved by elevation.
3. In
varicose veins patients, what can compression stockings do?
A. control pain and edema.
B. help patients lose weight.
C. are most practical for patients who are
elderly, are obese, or have skin damage.
D. slow the progression of venous
insufficiency.
4. When there are cosmetic spider angiomas (≤3
mm) any of one these therapies - sclerotherapy, thermocoagulation, or cutaneous
laser therapy will
A. seldom necessitates more than 1 treatment.
B. leads to
complete resolution of varicosities in most patients.
C. induces endothelial
damage leading to venous thrombosis and fibrosis.
D. All of the
above
5. When
high volumes of dilute local anesthetic is injected into a treatment area of
VVs, it is called
A. truncal reflux.
B. transilluminated powered phlebectomy.
C. tumescent anesthesia.
D. micronized purified
flavonoid fraction.
Answers
C,A,A,C,C
